What?
- produced from renewable resources
- used in place of or blended w/ petrol, diesel
- includes:
- ethanol
- biodiesel blending
- compressed biogas (CBG)
- sustainable aviation fuel
Generational Classification
Key producers ( in order)
- USA
- Brazil
- India
Significance?
- environmental
- stubble burning
- circular economy ➡️ waste management
- financial incentives to farmers ➡️ market for agri-wastes
Challenges?
- seasonal availability
- absence of decentralized sorting & storage facilities
- food security v/s fuel dilemma
- funding
- competition from conventional fuels
- low energy efficiency ➡️ less energy density
Key initiatives
- National Policy on biofuels
- Ethanol blended petrol programme
- will meet 20% blending target by 2025→ ahead of 2030
- PM JI-VAN (2G advancement)
- GOBAR Dhan
- SATAT 2018
- International collabs
- Global Biofuel alliance 2023